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Caroline Rothwell-Gerstein

Strategy & consulting

caro@caro.consulting
© 2026 Economy3 · Open infrastructure · JSON-LD · Holochaineconomy3.org

Master Regulatory Mapping (v1.7)

Digital and Physical Labor, Materials, and Project Management

WHY IS THIS HERE? Infrastructure3 signed records — project milestones, worker safety logs, material inputs, and service delivery measurements — map to the regulations that unlock international funding, qualify solar projects for tax credits, and meet anti-corruption transparency requirements for development banks. ILO conventions, OSHA, IRA solar credits, and UNCAC anti-bribery compliance are all evidence-based requirements. Sign your build once. Meet multiple funders.

8 Languages Supported

Global / Multilateral

IFC Performance Standard 2

IN EFFECT

Labor and Working Conditions

IFC PS2 (revised 2012) applies to all IFC-financed projects. Requires: signed employment agreements, wage records, grievance mechanisms, non-discrimination policies, and OHS management systems. Subcontractor compliance is the primary client's responsibility. Violation can trigger suspension of disbursements and mandatory remediation.

ILO C131 (1970)

IN EFFECT

Minimum Wage Fixing Convention

ILO Convention 131 requires member states to establish wage-fixing machinery covering all employed groups. For construction: signed daily wage records must capture actual wages paid vs. the applicable minimum. Directly linked to anti-exploitation requirements in development bank environmental and social frameworks.

ILO C167 (1988)

IN EFFECT

Safety and Health in Construction Convention

ILO Convention 167 sets minimum safety and health requirements for all temporary and permanent construction sites: site preparation, machinery, PPE, fall prevention, excavation, scaffolding, and accident reporting. Ratified by 35 member states; referenced as the baseline by development banks (World Bank, AfDB, ADB) in project compliance requirements.

ILO C29 / C105

IN EFFECT

Forced Labour Conventions

ILO Conventions 29 (1930) and 105 (1957) eliminate all forms of forced or compulsory labour. Construction is a high-risk sector — particularly for migrant workers, bonded labour, and debt bondage. All 187 ILO member states have ratified C29 (near-universal). Funder ESF requirements specifically require signed evidence of freely-contracted labour.

LEED v4.1 (USGBC)

IN EFFECT

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

USGBC LEED v4.1 is the world's most widely adopted green building rating system, active in 185 countries. Certification requires documented evidence across: site selection and ecology, water efficiency, energy and atmosphere (including on-site renewables), materials and resources (recycled content, regional materials, construction waste diversion), indoor environmental quality, and innovation credits. LEED for Neighborhood Development (LEED ND) specifically covers community-scale projects — food markets, mixed-use centres, public plazas, and community energy installations. Increasingly required as a condition of funding by World Bank, IFC, USAID, EU structural funds, and green bond issuers for any new public building.

UNCAC (UN General Assembly A/58/422)

IN EFFECT

UN Convention Against Corruption

UN Convention Against Corruption (2003) — ratified by 190 states. Requires transparent public procurement, auditable project records, beneficial ownership disclosure, and anti-bribery controls for all public works. Development banks (World Bank, IMF, AfDB) use UNCAC compliance as a precondition for infrastructure lending. Sanctions for proven diversion of project funds include blacklisting from future lending.

United States / California

CA SB 253

IN EFFECT

Climate Corporate Data Accountability

Mandatory Scope 3 primary GHG data disclosure.

CA SB 261

IN EFFECT

Climate-Related Financial Risk

Evidence of physical and transition risk resilience.

IRA § 48E (P.L. 117-169)

IN EFFECT

Clean Electricity Investment Tax Credit

Inflation Reduction Act § 48E provides a 30% investment tax credit for qualifying clean electricity facilities including solar PV. Full credit requires: prevailing wage compliance for construction workers, apprenticeship hour requirements (12.5% of total labor hours), and domestic content bonus (additional 10% for US-manufactured components). Credit value: 6% base + bonuses up to 50% for energy communities and low-income projects.

OSHA 29 CFR Part 1926

IN EFFECT

Construction Safety and Health Standards

US federal construction safety standards covering: excavation, scaffolding, fall protection, cranes and derricks, electrical, fire protection, and personal protective equipment. Employers must maintain injury and illness records (OSHA 300 log). CalOSHA imposes California-specific addenda with stricter requirements. Penalty per willful violation: up to $156,259.

European Union

Directive 92/57/EEC

IN EFFECT

Temporary and Mobile Construction Sites

EU Directive 92/57/EEC and implementing Directives 89/391/EEC (OSH Framework) require: pre-construction safety plans, appointment of a safety coordinator, advance notification to national authorities for sites >30 working days or >500 person-days, mandatory health and safety file handed over at project completion. Applies to all construction work in EU member states.

Decision 2022/2481/EU

IN EFFECT

EU Digital Decade Policy Programme 2030

EU Digital Decade Policy Programme sets legally binding targets for 2030: gigabit connectivity for all EU households, 5G coverage for all populated areas, and deployment of 10,000 climate-neutral edge nodes. Connectivity infrastructure projects funded through CEF Digital or structural funds must demonstrate progress toward these targets via annual monitoring reports submitted to the Commission.

India

BOCW Act, 1996

IN EFFECT

Building and Other Construction Workers Act

The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act 1996 mandates: registration of every construction establishment employing 10 or more workers; welfare fund contributions (1% of construction cost) to state BOCW boards; health and safety measures; hours of work; overtime; and accident compensation. The BOCW Welfare Cess Act 1996 imposes a cess on construction cost.

BRSR Core

IN EFFECT

VCP ESG KPIs

9 mandatory ESG KPIs for value chain partners.

TRAI Act 1997 + Broadband Policy

IN EFFECT

Telecom Regulatory Authority of India — Digital Connectivity

TRAI's National Broadband Mission (2019) and associated Quality of Service regulations govern public WiFi (PM-WANI scheme), broadband infrastructure deployment, and service level benchmarks. PM-WANI authorises App Providers, Aggregator Providers, and PDO operators to deploy public WiFi hotspots without license for the first year. Service quality and coverage metrics are reported to TRAI quarterly.

United Kingdom

CDM 2015 (SI 2015/51)

IN EFFECT

Construction Design and Management Regulations 2015

UK CDM Regulations require: pre-construction notification to the HSE for projects lasting >30 days with >20 simultaneous workers, or >500 person-days; appointment of a principal designer and principal contractor; construction phase plan; and a health and safety file at handover. The CDM Regulations are retained UK law post-Brexit (derived from EU Directive 92/57/EEC but with UK-specific enforcement under HSE).

Australia

WHS Act 2011 (Cth) + State Acts

IN EFFECT

Work Health and Safety Act

Commonwealth Work Health and Safety Act 2011, harmonized across all Australian states and territories except Victoria and Western Australia (which have equivalent Acts). Requires: safe work method statements (SWMS) for high-risk construction work, site inductions, fall prevention plans, and incident notification to the relevant WHS regulator. Principal contractors must ensure subcontractor compliance.

West Africa

COREN (D.N. Cap C16)

IN EFFECT

Council for Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria

Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN) — established by Decree No. 55 (1970), now Cap C16 Laws of the Federation 2004. All engineering projects in Nigeria must be supervised by a COREN-registered engineer. Project registration, design drawings, and progress reports must be filed with COREN. Applies to civil, structural, electrical, and mechanical works including solar installations and digital infrastructure.

NCC Act 2003 + Type Approval

IN EFFECT

Nigerian Communications Commission — Digital Services

Nigerian Communications Commission Act 2003 and associated Type Approval Regulations govern all telecommunications and internet service provision in Nigeria. Community WiFi, mesh networks, and public hotspot operators require an Internet Service Provider (ISP) license or operate under a licensed aggregator. Equipment must carry NCC type approval. Quality of service regulations require uptime and bandwidth records.

SON MANCAP

IN EFFECT

Quality Standardization

Quality standardization and written care labels.

We translate compliance and marketing claims into 8 local languages: English, French, Hindi, Japanese, Spanish, German, Italian, and Portuguese.